What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to high intraocular pressure, leading to progressive vision loss and potential blindness.
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Causes | • Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) due to fluid build-up • Genetic factors • Age-related changes • Eye injuries • Certain medications • Medical conditions such as diabetes |
| Symptoms | • Gradual loss of peripheral vision • Tunnel vision in advanced stages • Blurred vision • Eye pain (in acute glaucoma) • Redness of the eye (in acute glaucoma) • Nausea and vomiting (in acute glaucoma) |
| Treatment | Medications: Eye drops or oral medications to reduce IOP. Laser Therapy: • Trabeculoplasty: Laser treatment to improve drainage in open-angle glaucoma. • Iridotomy: Small hole in iris to improve fluid drainage. • Cyclophotocoagulation: Laser to reduce fluid production. Surgery: • Trabeculectomy: Creates a new drainage pathway. • Glaucoma Drainage Devices (Implants): Tiny tubes inserted for fluid drainage. • Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS): Newer, faster recovery. Lifestyle Changes: Regular eye exams, manage conditions, follow treatments. |
Glaucoma Examination at ABO
- IOP Measurement (Tonometry): Measures intraocular pressure.
- Optic Disc Assessment: Evaluates the optic nerve head.
- Perimetry: Tests the visual field for peripheral vision loss.
- Pachymetry: Measures corneal thickness.
- Gonioscopy: Examines the anterior chamber angle.
Important Note for Glaucoma
It’s crucial to get regular screenings for glaucoma. Early detection and effective treatment can preserve your vision and prevent unnecessary fear of blindness. With timely intervention, you can live a happy, high-quality life with glaucoma. Once diagnosed, ongoing care from an eye doctor will be essential for maintaining your vision.